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※ 本文轉錄自看板 DONDONDONDON

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效率極低人群之七大習慣

By Henrik Edberg




  與通常所列舉的應該培養的有益習慣不同，本文在此舉出的是我們最好避免的7種習慣
。



　　就像尋找對你有益的習慣一樣，尋找妨礙你的習慣同樣重要。這7種習慣中大多數都
可能會輕易成爲你日常生活的一部分，使你難以察覺它的存在（或者它如何影響到你）。
我曾經略微嘗試了這些習慣，結果毫無疑問，那些重要的事情沒有幾個可以完成。同時我
也要添加說明的是，這只是在生活中你可能形成的影響效率的主要的7個習慣，我很確定
絕不僅僅是這些。



    1、缺席。



 也許你曾經聽過伍迪· 艾倫所說的這句話：

   “百分之八十的成功來自于出席。”



    更多的出席——這是在生活中你可以保證更多成功所做的最大也是最簡單的事情之一
，無論是在你的社交生活中，你的事業上還是你的健康方面。如果你想要改善你的健康狀
況，一個最重要也是最有效的事情就是在每次你該出席時出現在健身房裏。



    也許天氣會不好，也許你會不想出門，也許你有一大堆其他必須要做的事情。但是，
如果即使你在積極性不高時仍然繼續出現在健身房裏，那將比你呆在家裏的沙發上放松要
有效的多。



    我想這個也可以推及到生活的其他領域。如果你每天都堅持寫作或繪畫，你就會快速
的得到提高。如果你更多的出門你就可以遇到更多的新朋友。如果你參加更多的約會，你
遇到心上人的機會就會大大提高。僅僅只是更多出席就會使你的生活大大不同。而缺席卻
會使你毫無收獲。



    2、拖拖拉拉。



      爲了簡化，我將最喜歡的3種擺脫拖拉情況的方法列舉如下：



    -吞食青蛙。也就是說在一天的最開始就完成那些最艱難最重要的工作。早上良好的
開始會讓你一天都保持高昂的情緒和積極的動力。這通常會使你這一天都十分高效。



    -你如何吃掉一頭大象呢？不要打算一口吃成胖子，這會使你感到過多負擔以至于産
生拖延的念頭。把一項工作分爲若幹可付諸于行動的小步驟，然後僅僅關注第一步直到把
它完成，接下來再繼續下一步。



    -說服自己。我發現這種向導型調整十分有效。就在我花了20分鍾躺在床上反複默念
在這幾天裏我都十分高效之後，我就不再會陷入拖拉的情況或者浏覽1至5個我喜愛的網站
尋找更新信息的必要。



    3、做一些無關緊要的事情。



    除了拖拖拉拉以外，你最容易陷入的不良習慣之一就是忙于一些無關緊要的事情之中
。



    爲了提高效率你也許需要某種時間管理方法。它可能會是一件極爲簡單的事情，比如
在一天的開始使用80/20法則。80/20法則,也就是我們通常所熟悉的帕累托法則認爲，
 80%的收獲源自20%的努力。所以爲求高效你應該將你精力的大部分集中在那些極少數重
要的事情上。



    當使用這個法則時你只需按優先順序寫下這一天你需要做的3件最重要的事情，然後
從頭做起。即使你只能完成其中的一件事，你仍然完成了今天最重要的事情。也許你也會
偏愛其他諸如GTD等方法。但是無論你如何組織工作，最關鍵的還是尋找那些最重要的工
作，這樣你就不必花費幾天，幾個星期甚至幾個月的時間去忙于那些並不是很重要的事情
。如果這些事情無關緊要，那麽即使你快速的完成它們也是沒有多大用處的。



    4、多慮。



    因爲多慮而很少采取行動。陷于無窮的分析之中只會使你虛度光陰。行動之前加以思
考是沒有錯的。做一些調查研究，制定一個計劃，探究可能存在的積極以及不利因素。



    但是強制性的反複思考就會成爲另外一種浪費時間的做法了。在嘗試之前你沒有必要
去從每一個角度檢查每一件事情。而且你也不可以等到一個最完美的時間再去做事，因爲
這樣的時間從來不會出現。如果你繼續這樣思考就只會使自己陷的越來越深，從而使采取
行動變得越來越難。相反，雖然思考在一定程度上對你有所幫助，但你現在需要做的就只
是停止思考，然後去做那些你應該做的事情。



    5、凡事過于消極。



    當你凡事都從消極方面考慮時，你的積極性就會被大大打擊。你會發現到處都是問題
和錯誤，而這些問題是本不存在的。你抓住細節不放。如果你想要尋找一個不做某事的理
由，這當然沒有問題。而當你從一個消極角度看問題時，每次你都可能找出十個借口。



    因此你幾乎一事無成。你向任何願意傾聽的人訴苦（也許很多人並不想聽），抱怨你
的工作，生活和領導有多麽的差勁。你的生活取決于你如何看待這個世界，這已經成爲一
個能夠自我實現的預測。



    對此的一個解決方法就是了解消極方面的限度，認識到你的消極思考並不是這個世界
的真實寫照。然後不妨嘗試一些其他的角度。舉例來說，你可以嘗試著培養一下凡事從更
爲積極和樂觀的角度思考的習慣，這會對你大有幫助。通過這種方式，你也許就會開始嘗
試這種積極性的挑戰。這並不容易，然而如果你接受了這種挑戰，連續7天都只從積極方
面思考，你就會突然意識到你看問題的角度和想法是如此深刻地影響著你對世界的理解和
你所得到的成果。



    6、固執己見，與世隔絕。



    人們很難去承認自己的想法不是最佳選擇，因此你越來越執著于自己的想法，變得閉
目塞聽。這會讓你很難取得進步，比如說效率就會很難提高。在這種情況下，即使認真思
考改變人生的可能性都會變得很難。



    顯然，解決方法之一就是打開心胸。開闊視野，從他人和自己的錯誤中汲取教訓，從
書籍等資源中獲取知識。與任何事一樣，這事說起來容易做起來難。正如前面所說，對此
我的建議就是認識到你的知識領域畢竟是有限的，而你做事的方式也會存在不足。那麽不
妨就嘗試一下新事物吧。



    而我的另一條建議就是，閱讀一下埃克哈特· 托利的《新天地》，特別是有關Ego的
章節。正如托利所建議的，如果你不再像Ego那樣思考，你就會更加容易接受新思想，抛
棄那些已經無用的舊思想。另外我想要補充說明的就是：不要迷信書本，也不要盲目追求
新的信息，否則你就會成爲一個沈迷于自我幫助的人。在行動中運用那些新信息和你學到
的事情，然後加以嘗試。



    7、持續信息過剩。



    信息過剩並不是說你過多的閱讀，我所指的是所有輸入信息的過剩。如果你讓所有的
信息都湧進大腦，這當然會導致難于清晰思考，因爲刺激源太多了。以下就是這種習慣可
能會存在的弊端：



       -你所接受的一些信息也許會是消極的。媒體和周圍環境會因種種原因提供一種消
極的信息。如果你沒有根據需要對信息加以選擇，也許你就會陷入消極之中，從而影響到
你的所思，所感，所爲。



       -這會使你急于追趕當今發生的事情，然而每時每刻都有十幾件事同時發生，想要
追趕上它們幾乎是不可能的事情。你的生活會因此充滿壓力。



       -如果你持續被信息轟炸，並且還試圖將所有信息分類，那麽你將很難做出決定並
采取行動。就我個人而言，如果我得到過多的信息，就會造成某種形式上的癱瘓，一事無
成。或者你會被這種習慣所困，終日急于忙碌在一些非重要的事情上。



    爲了可以集中精力，清晰思考並付諸行動，你就需要在吸取信息時更有選擇性。當你
工作時盡可能的避免那些分散注意力的事物。關掉電話，斷開網絡，關上大門。你就會不
可思議的發現，當你沒有每隔五分鍾就被打擾一次，沒有機會因浏覽RSS-feeds或喜愛的
網站而拖延時，居然可以完成這麽多的事情。



    現在並不是說我建議你們停止閱讀所有的博客或報紙。但是一定要清楚哪些是你真正
想要閱讀的，哪些只是用來打發時間的。同時你也可以查看其他開闊性信息的領域。



    比如說，你沒有必要陷入所有來自周圍環境的消極情緒。如果周圍的所有人都在拖延
或者焦急的忙于各種非重要的事情時，你會很容易被這種情緒所影響。如果你有一扇心靈
之門，關上它而去關注更爲重要的事情，這會是個不錯的主意。




7 Habits of Highly Ineffective People

By Henrik Edberg

With a twist to the common list of habits that are useful to establish, here
are 7 habits that you do best to avoid.

Just like finding habits that can be useful for you it’s important to find
habits that are holding you back. Most of these 7 habits can easily become
such a normal, everyday part of life that you hardly notice it (or how it’s
affecting you). I’ve dabbled with all of them quite a bit. Not surprisingly
I didn’t get much of the important stuff done. I′d also like to add that
these are just 7 broad habits you can establish to become highly ineffective
in most parts of your life. I pretty sure there are several more.



1. Not showing up.

Maybe you’ve heard this quote by Woody Allen:

“Eighty percent of success is showing up”

One of the biggest and simplest thing you can do to ensure more success in
your life – whether it be in your social life, your career or with your
health – is simply to show up more. If you want to improve your health then
one of the most important and effective things you can do is just to show up
at the gym every time you should be there.

The weather might be bad, you might not feel like going and you find yourself
having all these other things you just must do. If you still go, if you show
up at the gym when motivation is low you will improve a whole lot faster than
if you just stayed at home relaxing on the sofa.

I think this applies to most areas of life. If you write or paint more, each
day perhaps, you will improve quickly. If you get out more you can meet more
new friends. If you go on more dates you chances of meeting someone special
increases. Just showing up more can really make a big difference. Not showing
up will not get you anywhere.



2. Procrastinating half the day. To keep it short, my 3 favourite ways to get
out of a procrastinating state are:

- Swallow that frog. What′s this means is simply to do the hardest and most
important task of the day first thing in the morning. A good start in the
morning lifts your spirits and creates a positive momentum for the rest of
the day. That often creates a pretty productive day.

- How do you eat an elephant? Don′t try to take it all in one big bite. It
becomes overwhelming which leads to procrastination. Split a task into small
actionable steps. Then just focus on the first step and nothing else. Just do
that one until it’s done. Then move on to the next step.

- The Get around to It Paraliminal. I find this guided mediation to be very
useful. After 20 minutes of mostly just lying on my bed and listening I’m
far more productive for a few days. I don′t feel the urge to sink into that
procrastinating state or the need to find out what’s new over at one or five
of my favourite websites.



3. When actually doing something, doing something that isn’t the most
important thing right now.

One of the easiest habits to get stuck in, besides procrastinating, is to
keep yourself busy with unimportant tasks.

To be effective you probably need some kind of time management-system. It
might be something really simple, like using the 80/20-rule at the beginning
of each day. The 80/20 rule, or the Pareto Principle as it′s also known,
says that you′ll get 80 percent of your results from only 20 percent of your
tasks and activities. So you need to focus most of your energy on those few
important tasks to be effective.

When you have prioritized using this rule just write down the top 3 most
important things you need to do that day. Then, from the top, start doing
them. Even if you just get one of the things done, you have still done the
most important thing you could do today. You may perhaps prefer some other
system, such as GTD. But however you organise your work it’s still of
highest priority to find the most important tasks so you don’t spend days,
weeks or months doing busywork that isn’t that essential anyway. Just
getting things done faster isn’t that useful if the things you get done are
unimportant to you.



4. Thinking too much.

And thereby seldom taking action. Paralysis by analysis can waste years of
your life. There is nothing wrong with thinking before you do something. Do
some research, make a plan, explore potential upsides and problems.

But compulsively thinking and thinking and thinking is just another way to
waste your time. You don’t have to examine everything from every angle
before you try it. And you can’t wait for the perfect time to do something.
That time never comes. And if you keep thinking you’ll just dig yourself
down deeper and deeper and taking action will become more and more difficult.
Instead you just need to stop thinking. Shut of your mind – it just helps
you up to a point – and go do whatever you need to do.



5. Seeing the negative and downsides in just about anything.

When you see everything from a negative perspective you quickly punch a hole
in your own motivation. You find faults everywhere and problems where there
are really none. You cling to details. If you want to find a reason to not do
something then that’s no problem. From a negative viewpoint you can find ten
reasons every time.

And so very little gets done, you whine to anyone who wants to hear – and
many who don’t – about how crappy your job, life and boss is. Which becomes
a self-fulfilling prophecy as you create the life that is appropriate
considering how think and see your world.

A solution is to realise the limits of a negative perspective. And that your
perspective isn’t some kind of 100% true picture of the world. Then try
other perspectives. For instance, trying to establish a habit of seeing
things in a more positive and optimistic light can be quite useful. In that
vein, you may want to try the Positivity Challenge. It′s not easy, but if
you do the challenge and try to only think positive thoughts for 7 days it
can give you an insight in how much your perspective and beliefs changes how
you interpret your world. And what results you get.



6. Clinging to your own thoughts and being closed to outside influences.

It can be hard to admit that what you thought or believed was not the best
alternative. So you cling to your thoughts harder and harder and keep your
mind closed. This makes it hard to improve and for instance to become more
effective. Even really considering the possibility that you can change your
life can be difficult in this position.

One solution, obviously, is to open up more. To open up and learn from the
mistakes of others, from your own mistakes and from other sources like books.
This is easy to say though. It can, as almost anything, be harder to do. One
suggestion I have is to, like I said about the previous habit, realise the
limits of what you know and the way you going about things. And then just try
something new.

Another tip is to read A New Earth by Eckhart Tolle and especially look at
the chapters about the Ego. If you stop identifying so much with your
thoughts and your Ego, as Tolle prescribes, it becomes a whole a lot easier
to let new ideas and thoughts come into your life. And to let go of old
thoughts that aren’t useful to you anymore. On the other hand I’d like to
add and counter-balance with these tips: don’t get stuck in reading, in just
taking in new information either or you might become a self-help junkie. Use
the new information, put what you have learned in to action and try it out.



7. Constantly on information overload.

With information overload I don’t just mean that you read a lot. I pretty
much mean an overload in all input. If you just let all information flow into
your mind it will be hard to think clearly. It’s just too much stimulation.
A few more potential downsides to this habit are:

- Some of the input you receive will be negative. The media and your
surroundings often put a negative spin on things for various reasons. If you
aren′t selective in what input you want in your life then you’ll be dragged
into this negativity too. This affects how you think, feel and act.

- It creates an urge to keep up with what’s happening but there are always
ten more things happening so you can’t keep up. This makes life stressful.

- It becomes hard to make decisions and take action if your mind is
constantly bombarded with information or trying to sort through it all.
Personally I find that if I get too much information it leads to a sort of
paralysis. Not much get′s done. Or you get stuck in habit #3 and keep busy,
busy, busy at high speed with low priority activities.

To be able to focus, think more clearly and take action it′s useful to be
more selective in what you let into your mind. When you work shut out as much
distractions as possible. Shut off the phone, internet and shut the door. It
is strange how much you can get done when you aren′t interrupted every fifth
minute or have the opportunity to procrastinate by checking your RSS-feeds or
favourite websites.

Now I′m not suggesting that you should stop reading all blogs or newspapers.
But think about what you really want to read and what you read just read to
fill your time. And have a look at other areas of input where the doors are
wide-open.

For instance, you don′t have to let in all the negative emotions from your
surroundings. If everyone else are procrastinating or are anxiously keeping
themselves busy by doing low-priority tasks at warp speed it′s easy to be
influenced by that mood. If you have a door, then it might be good idea to
shut it and focus on doing more important things.



中文部分 簡轉繁 極可能出現錯別字                            推 12/03 21:34


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※ 來源: DISP BBS 看板: P_qman 文章連結: http://disp.cc/b/25-3d8
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※ 作者: showyou  來自: 140.114.78.225  時間: 2010-06-16 01:15:50

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※ 作者: darkblue  來自: 163.25.118.142  時間: 2010-06-16 11:47:50

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※ 作者: seiferthan  時間: 2011-04-15 14:47:15  來自: vincent.m4.ntu.edu.tw
※ 編輯: seiferthan 時間: 2011-04-15 14:47:49 來自: vincent.m4.ntu.edu.tw