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https://reurl.cc/X437Rj


TikTok看到大量入侵烏克蘭聲稱是誤導假影片
February 25, 2022  10:59 PM ET
Bobby Allyn
https://i.imgur.com/UK9N2o0.jpg
The invasion of Ukraine has seen a surge of videos flooding TikTok, many of
the most popular ones containing false or misleading material.
Kiichiro Sato/AP
Russia's invasion of Ukraine has unleashed a flood of misleading and false
material on TikTok. The popular app used by more than 1 billion people has
been amplifying videos portraying old conflicts, scenes from movies and even
video game battles as if showing on-the-ground live footage.

In times of crisis, social media platforms are always struggling to stay head
of misinformation and make round-the-clock calls on when a viral post should
be removed. But the flurry of conflict-themed footage now on TikTok has
overwhelmed the platform in new ways, sending countless fake or videos framed
as if depicting the war in Ukraine to millions of viewers.

"Though it's crucial that the public remain informed of such high-stakes
situations, it seems that the platform's design is incompatible with the
needs of the current moment," wrote Abbie Richards of the liberal watchdog
group Media Matters.

As of Friday evening, videos with the hashtag #RussianInvasion have received
32 million views and videos with the hashtag #RussiaUkraine have racked up
132 million views.

"This is the first time TikTok has really been central in a conflict
situation of this scale," said Sam Gregory, the program director of Witness,
a nonprofit focused on the ethical use of video in humanitarian crises.

"And the volume of misleading videos does seem new to me. Some people are
doing it because they want attention, some people want to monetize it, others
are doing it potentially as misinformation and disinformation," he said.

Some users are exploiting features that help videos on TikTok go viral,
including reusing an audio clip with new footage.

Audio of gunfire uploaded from before the war started was used in more than
1,700 videos before it was removed, often featuring shaky camera footage to
give the impression that it was capturing a conflict, according to Media
Matters. The group also found that a video featuring audio from a 2020
explosion in Beirut was watched more than 6 million times in just 12 hours.

TikTok's community guidelines say it bans misinformation "that causes harm to
individuals," such as videos that incite hate or prejudice. But footage
misrepresenting scenes of war does not appear to explicitly violate the
company's content policies.

TikTok did not return a request for comment.
In the past two days, an NPR reporter was served up an unlabeled video
showing a movie depiction of war that was viewed nearly 50 million times and
prompted a conversation in the comments about whether it was Ukraine. An old
Albanian training exercise purporting to show Ukraine that was seen almost 15
million times. And a 2014 video watched on the platform about 5 million times
claiming to show Ukrainian and Russian soldiers "face to face."

TikTok's design creates something of a paradox: If you watch a video
repeatedly to try to decipher whether it's authentic or return to one after
conducting research, "you're telling the algorithm you want more of this,"
Gregory said.

Researchers like Gregory say TikTok can do more to give users tools to
quickly figure out if a video is fake: the ability to do instant reverse
image searches to see whether the video has circulated in the past and
databases where users can go to see if popular videos have already been
debunked.

Often if a video is fraudulent, TikTok commenters will point it out and the
comment will rise to the top of the video's discussion section, but waiting
for a TikTok user to figure out if a video is fake is often too little, too
late, researchers say.

Gregory said TikTok has the potential to make humanitarian crises and wars
more vivid and tangible to a massive audience who may not have otherwise
engaged at all, but time spent watching fake videos of war does little to add
to a person's understanding of a conflict.

"We shouldn't reject instantly that ephemeral moments in peoples' lives is
bad. There can be ways TikTok can help people engage and have dialogue with
people on the front lines," Gregory said. "But the challenge is finding those
moments within all the manipulation."


-----估狗翻譯-----




入侵烏克蘭後，TikTok 湧現了大量視頻，其中許多最受歡迎的視頻包含虛假或誤導性材
料。
佐藤喜一郎/美聯社




自由派監督組織 Media Matters 的 Abbie Richards寫道： “儘管讓公眾隨時了解這種
高風險情況至關重要，但該平台的設計似乎與當前的需求不相容。”

“這是 TikTok 第一次真正在這種規模的衝突局勢中發揮核心作用，”Witness 的項目主
管 Sam Gregory 說，該組織專注於人道主義危機中視頻的合乎道德使用。

“而且誤導性視頻的數量對我來說確實很新鮮。有些人這樣做是因為他們想要關注，有些
人想要將其貨幣化，其他人則可能將其作為錯誤信息和虛假信息，”他說。

一些用戶正在利用幫助 TikTok 上的視頻傳播的功能，包括重複使用帶有新鏡頭的音頻剪
輯。



TikTok 的社區指南稱，它禁止“對個人造成傷害”的錯誤信息，例如煽動仇恨或偏見的
視頻。但歪曲戰爭場面的鏡頭似乎並未明確違反公司的內容政策。









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